The Skeletal System

In today's lesson, we're going to learn about the skeleton system. Students, by the end of the days, lesson, you will be able to relate major components of the skeletal system to their functions. No that a ligament connects bone to bone, and you will also be able to name several bones in your own skeleton. And hopefully you will learn that you may use something simple that you already know like the hokey poke song as a study to learn more bounds in your own skill. The skeletal system has 5 major functions. The first one without a skeleton to provide shape and support to your body. You and I would simply be very large blobs. The skeleton and particular, the 26 vertebra that make up our backbones, gives us the ability and the support, the stand erect, into walk, to run, jump, decline, without a skeleton, we would be unable to do any of these things. Now, particularly, these 26 vertebra are important because that is one thing that causes you and I to be a part of other organisms that are called invertebrates. And you'll learn more about this in that great biology. But I want you to know now that you are a vertebrate. And the reason you know that you are a vertebrate is because you have 26 vertebra. The second major function of the skeletal system is it enables us to move. The skeletal muscles, which we will speak about more later. Pull our bones and articulate them, enabling our body to move. The third major function of the skeletal system is that it protects your organs. Your skull protection brain, but your rib cage also protects to very vital organs, your lungs, and your heart. Number four, our skeletal system functions enabling us to produce more red blood cells, and white blood cells. The long bones in your arm and your legs, humerus, in particular, and the femur, are factories that make blood cells. Also, the bone marrow in your body can also store fat. And last the 5th is that the skeletal system functions by storing minerals and other materials. Until your body needs it. In particular, minerals such as Gaussian and phosphorus. As a 7th grader, it's very important that you get plenty of calcium in your body. Because right now, your skeletal system is growing, it will continue to do so until the time you're about 15 or 16. And so it's really important that in particular, you get plenty of calcium. The best way to do this is back consuming dairy products, such as milk, yogurt, but you can also get calcium through eating, leafy, green vegetables, such as broccoli, cabbage, your choice, or you choose to go to milk and cheese wrap or the vegetable route. But whichever you choose, please make certain that you do not deprive yourself right now of calcium. In the future, you'll be glad to see it. Next, we want to talk about the joints of the skeletal system. Now, do you want to simply nothing more than where two bones come together? The joint allow our bodies to move in different ways. And there are two kinds of joints that have this level. We talk about movable joints and immovable. Now, first, let's talk about the immovable joints. In your skull, there are these lines that have formed over time where the plights of your skeletal muscle can be born to the time you were two years old, grew together. And were these two plights came together they formed a joint, which is called a suture. Now, this is not movable, but it is still a joint. What we most often think of when we talk about which are the movable type. Now, because of their name, you can tell they allow for movement. So let's talk about your elbow. Your elbow is held together by connected tissues called ligaments. Or the humerus in your arm is connected to the radius in almost a year, lower arm. Now, these ligaments have connected tissue called cartilage, which keeps the bones from rubbing against each other. It's kind of like a Teflon coating that enables the bone to move on one another without hurting. As you age, this cartilage unfortunately deteriorates over time. And this is why many of you have parents or grandparents who have had knee replacement surgery or hit replacement surgery because over time the cartilage in there near their hips. Gave way, and they needed to have a place. Now, each of our bones are living structures. So think about that. Each bone has an outer membrane, which is a tough membrane that covers all of the bone, except the very ends. Now, blood vessels and nerves enter and leave the bone here in this outer membrane. The naked membrane is what we call compact bone. It's a hard and advanced material, but see it's not solid. It has holes or canals in it. These canals carry blood vessels and worms from the surface of the bone down into the cells that within the body. Now, under the compact bone, there is something called spongy bone. The spongy bone has many small spaces in it. Mark's not a true honeycomb design, you might think of that idea of honeycomb design, containing a lot of spaces. In these spaces in the spongy bone contained the marrow. And this marrow is a soft connective tissue. There are two kinds of it. There's red marrow and yellow there. The red marrow produces the red and white blood cells, some of the cells that your body needs. And the yellow bone marrow is where that you have fat stored. Now our bones are strong. Very strongly that they can absorb more force and concrete or grain without breaking. Yet they're light light. Only 20% of an average adult's body weight is from bone. The minerals that make them up are primarily calcium and phosphorus, but there are others as well. Now, at your age, as we said earlier, you are growing bones do grow. Bones are alive that contain cells and tissues, and they grow these T sheet growth. New tissue to replace old tissue, whenever it's needy, for example, if you break away a leg or lower, but over time, bone development is important for you to understand that the cartilage is going is replaced by hard bone tissues you get out or so what is now very pliable over time loses that elasticity. So it's important, therefore, did you take care of your lungs? And we do this by diet. As I told you earlier, you need to eat. Things that contain calcium and phosphorus to make your bones grow primarily. Milk and other dairy products, yogurts and cheeses, the you can also get calcium from leafy green vegetables. You also need exercise. Activities such as Ronnie, skating, dancing, jumping up and down. Cause the bones to support the weight of your body, which causes in the growth stronger and denser. Each time you do this, particularly jumping for someone your age. Causes the bones to the nerves to get the message that they need to grow stronger. And this is important because if you don't do this, over time, you're going to wind up with a condition called osteoporosis. This is condition at which bones become very weak and they break very easily. And this is caused by a loss or a leaching of minerals from the bones. If your body is not getting enough of these fundamental minerals in your diet, then remember we said that the bone is a place where these things are also stored. So if the body is not receiving enough calcium, for example, through diet, it will go leach or take that calcium out of your bones and use it in the chemical reactions necessary for life. As a result, the bone becomes weaker as the body has to use that stole. So if you can replace that in your diet, so the body no longer needs to take it from your bones and your bones can become stronger over time. The best thing to do, however, is to continuously have these items of calcium and phosphorus and other price minerals in anxiety, so our body never has to go to the bones to leak some negative. Let's see what you've learned.